How do I decide I am ill; how do I decide that my children are ill? How do I learn effective ways of conveying to others that I am ill? This book discusses the languages of illness which we use to present our discomforts to others through an exploration of the child’s world of illness. It looks at how illness concepts are introduced to children, how the causes of illness and ‘germ’ rationales are incorporated into the socialisation of children, and how a particular morality about health and illness is expressed. Besides the analysis of the social context within which the children’s views are developing, the book presents the children’s own views from three years old up to thirteen. The consequences of the understanding gained about how children develop their illness languages are that refreshing new approaches to consultations with children and new emphases on health education open up. One chapter presents a detailed analysis of how a special illness language relying on the use of physical symptoms to convey psychological discomforts could develop, and so provides a novel approach to ‘somatoform disorders’. How we talk about illness can have as important consequences as the methods we use to cure it. This book persuades the reader to look more closely at the language of illness, allowing a reappraisal to medical practice, school health programmes and class teaching, health education and even the differences in health between the social classes. In this way it forges a link between physical medicine and psychotherapy, providing the developmental perspective of illness behaviour which has long been lacking.