This book contains comprehensive reviews of different technologies used to harness lattice mismatch in semiconductor heterostructures and their applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices. It also covers methods such as compliant substrate, selective area growth, wafer bonding, and heterostructure nanowires. Basic knowledge on dislocations in semiconductors and innovative methods to eliminate threading dislocations are provided, and successful device applications are reviewed. It covers important semiconductor materials, epitaxial methods , and devices.