Because of interest at the International Agency for Research on Cancer since the early 1980s in research on the etiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy, and in view of the large number of national and international studies that have been carried out in an effort to elucidate the etiology of this disease and of the tumours associated with it, a meeting of experts was convened to discuss the present state of research and to suggest future approaches for determining the causes of Balkan endemic nephropathy and the associated urinary tract tumours and especially for evaluating the role of nephrotoxic mycotoxins in causation of the disease. The expert 's presentations are published in this volume."Mycotoxins, Endemic Nephropathy and Urinary Tract Tumors"