This issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine, guest-edited by Dr. Margaret Pisani, is focused on Gender and Respiratory Disease. Topics discussed in this issue include but are not limited to: What are sex and gender and how can we study their impact in respiratory disease?, Sex differences in respiratory physiology, Impact of gender on social determinants of health, Gender differences in obstructive sleep apnea, Impact of gender on sleep disorders across the lifespan, Differences between men and women with COPD, Women and Lung Cancer, Pulmonary considerations in pregnant women and Asthma in women-gender specific considerations.