Biochemical Pathways and Environmental Responses in Plants: Part C, Volume 683 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights advances in the field. with this new volume presenting chapters on topics including Preparation of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA thioesters using recombinant 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase (4CL) for characterization of BAHD acyltransferases, Near-real time determination of BAHD acyl-coA transferase reaction rates, Bioinformatic tools for protein structure prediction and for molecular docking applied to enzyme active site analysis, Computational and biochemical methods to measure the activity of carboxysomes and protein organelles in vivo, Dirigent Proteins Family Function and Structure, Three-in-One Method for High-throughput plant multi-omics, amongst other timely topics. Additional sections cover Analysis of isoprenyl-phosphates by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, Lignin/Lignan Biosynthesis Structure/Function, Comparison of TLC, HPLC, and direct infusion mass spectrometry methods for identification and quantification of diacylglycerol molecular species, Plant sphingolipid analysis, RNA-seq analysis of alternative pre-mRNA splicing mediated by photoreceptors in Physcomitrium patens, and much more.